XPath short description

(see https://www.w3schools.com/xml/xpath_intro.asp)

Selecting XML nodes

XPath uses path expressions to select nodes in an XML document. The node is selected by following a path or steps. The most useful path expressions are listed below:

Expression	Description
nodename	Selects all nodes with the name "nodename"
/	Selects from the root node
//	Selects nodes in the document from the current node that match the selection no matter where they are
.	Selects the current node
..	Selects the parent of the current node
@	Selects attributes

Predicates

Predicates are used to find a specific node or a node that contains a specific value. Predicates are always embedded in square brackets.
In the table below we have listed some path expressions with predicates and the result of the expressions:


/bookstore/book[1]	Selects the first book element that is the child of the bookstore element. Note: In IE 5,6,7,8,9 first node is[0], but according to W3C, it is [1]. To solve this problem in IE, set the SelectionLanguage to XPath:In JavaScript: xml.setProperty("SelectionLanguage","XPath");
/bookstore/book[last()]	Selects the last book element that is the child of the bookstore element
/bookstore/book[last()-1]	Selects the last but one book element that is the child of the bookstore element
/bookstore/book[position()<3]	Selects the first two book elements that are children of the bookstore element
//title[@lang]	Selects all the title elements that have an attribute named lang
//title[@lang='en']	Selects all the title elements that have a "lang" attribute with a value of "en"
/bookstore/book[price>35.00]	Selects all the book elements of the bookstore element that have a price element with a value greater than 35.00
/bookstore/book[price>35.00]/title	Selects all the title elements of the book elements of the bookstore element that have a price element with a value greater than 35.00

Selecting Unknown Nodes

XPath wildcards can be used to select unknown XML nodes.


*	Matches any element node
@*	Matches any attribute node
node()	Matches any node of any kind

In the table below we have listed some path expressions and the result of the expressions:


/bookstore/*	Selects all the child element nodes of the bookstore element
//*	Selects all elements in the document
//title[@*]	Selects all title elements which have at least one attribute of any kind

Selecting Several Paths

By using the | operator in an XPath expression you can select several paths.
In the table below we have listed some path expressions and the result of the expressions:

//book/title \| book/price	Selects all the title AND price elements of all book elements
//title \| //price	Selects all the title AND price elements in the document
/bookstore/book/title \| //price	Selects all the title elements of the book element of the bookstore element AND all the price elements in the document

XPath Operators

Below is a list of the operators that can be used in XPath expressions:

\|	Computes two node-sets	//book \| //cd
+	Addition	6 + 4
-	Subtraction	6 - 4
*	Multiplication	6 * 4
div	Division	8 div 4
=	Equal	price=9.80
!=	Not equal	price!=9.80
<	Less than	price<9.80
<=	Less than or equal to	price<=9.80
>	Greater than	price>9.80
>=	Greater than or equal to	price>=9.80
or	or	price=9.80 or price=9.70
and	and	price>9.00 and price<9.90
mod	Modulus (division remainder)	5 mod 2

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